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Alexandria, Egypt’s second-largest city, is a stunning blend of history, culture, and modern charm, making it a one-of-a-kind destination. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, the city has seen centuries of influence from Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians, which is woven into the fabric of its identity. Known for the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) and the legendary Great Library, the city is a treasure trove for history lovers. But it’s not just the ancient past that draws travelers here—the Mediterranean coastline, rich cultural traditions, and thriving arts scene make Alexandria a fascinating destination that marries past and present.
With its unique position on the Mediterranean Sea, Alexandria boasts cool sea breezes, beautiful beaches, and a relaxed coastal vibe that contrasts sharply with the hustle of Cairo. It’s where history meets laid-back Mediterranean life, making it the perfect escape for travelers who want both culture and relaxation.
Getting to Alexandria is relatively easy, especially if you’re traveling from Cairo or other major cities in Egypt. Here are the best ways to get there:
By Train: One of the most popular and scenic ways to reach Alexandria is by train. Trains leave regularly from Ramses Station in Cairo, with the journey taking about 2-3 hours. Opt for the first-class train for a comfortable experience and enjoy views of Egypt’s countryside. Pro tip: Book your tickets in advance, especially during weekends or holidays, to ensure a seat.
By Car: For those who prefer the flexibility of driving, Alexandria is about 220 kilometers from Cairo, and the drive takes around 2.5-3 hours via the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road. Renting a car is a convenient option, especially for those planning to explore the North Coast beaches or nearby attractions.
By Bus: Several bus companies offer daily services between Cairo and Alexandria. While buses are affordable, they can take a bit longer due to traffic and stops along the way. Look for higher-end services like Go Bus for a more comfortable ride with amenities like Wi-Fi and air conditioning.
By Air: For international travelers, Alexandria has its own airport, Borg El Arab International Airport, which is located about 40 km southwest of the city. It’s a convenient option for those flying in from nearby countries or other Egyptian cities.
Alexandria offers a range of accommodations to suit every traveler’s needs and budget, from luxurious hotels with Mediterranean views to charming boutique stays.
Luxury Hotels: For a taste of opulence, the Four Seasons Hotel Alexandria at San Stefano is a standout. It combines modern luxury with Mediterranean elegance, offering private beach access, a gorgeous pool, and breathtaking sea views. Another great option is the historic Steigenberger Cecil Hotel, located right in the heart of the city—it’s been hosting royalty and dignitaries since the 1920s.
Boutique and Eco-friendly Stays: If you’re seeking something a bit more personal and eco-conscious, check out The Grand Plaza Hotel Smouha, which balances comfort with sustainable practices. For a more local experience, some lodges feature traditional North Coast décor, offering guests a unique glimpse into regional design while maintaining a cozy, laid-back ambiance.
Budget-Friendly Options: For those traveling on a budget, Alexandria has plenty of mid-range hotels and hostels that still offer fantastic hospitality. Look for places like Alexander the Great Hotel or Triomphe Hotel, which give you a taste of local charm without breaking the bank.
There’s no shortage of incredible sights to explore in Alexandria, from ancient ruins to beautiful natural spots:
Bibliotheca Alexandrina: A modern revival of the ancient Great Library, this stunning structure houses millions of books and hosts exhibitions, making it a must-see for book lovers and history buffs. It’s more than a library—it’s a cultural hub that also features museums and a planetarium.
Citadel of Qaitbay: Built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, this 15th-century fortress offers breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea and a peek into the city’s military past.
Montaza Palace and Gardens: Escape the city’s bustle by visiting this expansive royal palace and gardens. The gardens are perfect for a leisurely stroll, and the palace’s architecture blends Ottoman and Florentine styles.
**Catacombs of Kom El Shoq
When you visit Alexandria, you’ll discover an exciting array of activities that blend adventure, culture, and history. Here are some must-do experiences that offer a deeper connection with the city’s unique charm:
Explore the Ancient Landmarks: Alexandria is home to some of Egypt’s most iconic historical sites. Begin with the Citadel of Qaitbay, an impressive fortress built in the 15th century on the ruins of the famous Lighthouse of Alexandria. It’s perched right on the Mediterranean, so while you soak up the history, you’re treated to stunning coastal views. Another must-visit is the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, a modern cultural hub designed to celebrate the legacy of Alexandria’s ancient library. Stepping inside, you’ll feel like you’re in the heart of Egypt’s intellectual past.
Dive into the Underwater Archaeology: For the more adventurous, consider going on an underwater archaeological tour. Alexandria is known for its submerged ruins of ancient palaces and temples. Diving here lets you explore artifacts and sculptures that have rested beneath the Mediterranean waves for centuries. It’s an immersive way to connect with Alexandria’s past—literally diving into history.
Stroll Along the Corniche: This waterfront promenade offers breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea and is perfect for a relaxing evening stroll. Walking along the Corniche at sunset lets you soak up the local atmosphere, with bustling cafes and locals enjoying the sea breeze. You’ll find plenty of opportunities to enjoy local snacks, like fresh seafood, right on the waterfront.
Seasonal Beach Adventures: Alexandria’s beaches are perfect for relaxation or water sports, particularly during the summer. Maamoura Beach and Montazah Beach are popular spots where you can swim, sunbathe, or even rent a boat for a cruise along the Mediterranean. These coastal experiences connect you deeply with the city’s seaside charm.
Cultural Tours and Museums: Don’t miss the Alexandria National Museum or the Graeco-Roman Museum, both offering a deeper dive into Egypt’s fascinating blend of ancient Greek and Roman influences. Wandering through these museums, you’ll not only learn about Egypt’s history but also see how Alexandria served as a crossroad of cultures throughout time.
Alexandria’s food scene is a flavorful blend of Mediterranean influences, fresh seafood, and traditional Egyptian dishes. Here are some local specialties you should try:
Sayadieh – A beloved seafood dish, sayadieh combines fresh fish (often caught from the Mediterranean) with spiced rice, caramelized onions, and a rich, tangy tomato sauce. The fish is typically baked or grilled, which brings out its natural flavors. For the best sayadieh, head to Fish Market or Samakmak, both well-known seafood restaurants along the Corniche.
Feseekh – This traditional fermented fish dish is a local delicacy, especially during the spring festival of Sham El-Nessim. It’s made by curing gray mullet and is often served with bread, lemon, and onion. It’s not for the faint of heart, but it’s an unforgettable way to taste an ancient culinary tradition.
Kebda Eskandarani – If you love street food, you must try Kebda Eskandarani. This spicy Alexandrian-style liver is sautéed with garlic, chili peppers, and a variety of fragrant spices. It’s often served in a sandwich or on a plate with rice and vegetables. For the best version, try the iconic Mohamed Ahmed restaurant, a local favorite.
Roz Meammar – A creamy rice dish cooked with milk, butter, and spices, Roz Meammar is the epitome of comfort food. It’s slow-cooked to create a rich, velvety texture that makes it a favorite during family gatherings. Many local restaurants and even street vendors serve this alongside grilled meats or on its own.
Desserts – Alexandria is also famous for its sweets. Try Om Ali, a traditional Egyptian dessert made with flaky pastry, milk, and sugar, often topped with raisins, nuts, and coconut. Another sweet treat to savor is basbousa, a semolina cake soaked in syrup, often found in local bakeries such as Trianon or Délices.
For an immersive food experience, join a market tour through Alexandria’s bustling souks, like Souk El-Attarine, where you can discover fresh produce, spices, and seafood. Some local businesses also offer cooking classes where you can learn how to prepare traditional dishes under the guidance of a seasoned Egyptian chef.
